National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS)
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PRINT ISSN : 2319-7692
Online ISSN : 2319-7706 Issues : 12 per year Publisher : Excellent Publishers Email : editorijcmas@gmail.com submit@ijcmas.com Editor-in-chief: Dr.M.Prakash Index Copernicus ICV 2018: 95.39 NAAS RATING 2020: 5.38 |
Agricultural residues are potential lignocellulosic feedstocks that can be converted into fermentable sugars and value-added products. The present study aimed to isolate and identify cellulolytic fungus and evaluate its potential for the biodegradation of agricultural wastes. A cellulolytic fungi was isolated from soil samples by screening on carboxymethyl cellulose (CNC)-Congo red agar plates and identified as Aspergillus terreus DBS2 on the basis of colony morphology and 18S rRNA gene sequencing. The isolated strain was employed to degrade locally available complex arecanut husk (ANH), also compared with paddy straw (PS), and corn cobs (CC), by submerged fermentation (SmF) and solid-state fermentation (SSF) incubated up to 12 days. Cellulase activity and reducing sugar release were measured by 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) method. Among the three substrates ANH produced the highest reducing sugar under both the fermentation conditions, even though exhibited less cellulase activity, whereas PS showed the highest cellulase activity in both fermentation conditions. The release of reducing sugars and cellulase activity confirmed ANH degradation. Further scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX), and FTIR analysis of SSF samples revealed structural alterations, surface porosity, microfibril detachment, and changes in elemental composition, including loss of potassium (K) and chlorine (Cl) in lignocellulose components, respectively. These findings reveal that isolated strain is a promising lignocellulolytic organism for the degradation of agricultural waste by SSF, particularly arecanut husk into fermentable sugars. This fungal strain has potential applications in sustainable biomass valorization, biofuel production and integrated biorefinery systems.
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