National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS)
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PRINT ISSN : 2319-7692
Online ISSN : 2319-7706 Issues : 12 per year Publisher : Excellent Publishers Email : editorijcmas@gmail.com submit@ijcmas.com Editor-in-chief: Dr.M.Prakash Index Copernicus ICV 2018: 95.39 NAAS RATING 2020: 5.38 |
Bacteriophages are viruses that specifically infect bacterial cells and have gained increasing attention as potential alternatives or complementary agents for controlling bacterial pathogens. Sewage and wastewater represent important environmental reservoirs of bacteriophages due to their diverse bacterial populations. The present study was undertaken to isolate bacteriophages from sewage water and preliminarily characterize their plaque-forming activity against selected bacterial hosts. Sewage samples were processed by clarification and membrane filtration, followed by enrichment using Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Vibrio cholerae. Bacteriophages were detected and isolated using the double agar overlay plaque assay, and plaque characteristics were evaluated based on density, size, clarity, shape and distribution. Distinct plaques were observed with E. coli, S. aureus, K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa, whereas no detectable plaques were observed with V. cholerae under the conditions tested. S. aureus showed a high density of predominantly small, circular plaques, while E. coli exhibited prominent, circular and well-defined plaques. K. pneumoniae showed numerous predominantly circular plaques, whereas P. aeruginosa exhibited fewer and relatively diffuse plaques. The findings demonstrate host-dependent variation in plaque formation and indicate sewage as a potential source of bacteriophages for further investigation in phage therapy, food safety, aquaculture and wastewater biocontrol.
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