Functional Potential of Organophosphate-Tolerant Actinobacteria and their Diversity Revealed from Cotton Field Soils

Barka, E. A., Vatsa, P., Sanchez, L., Gaveau-Vaillant, N., Jacquard, C., Klenk, H.-P., Clément, C., Ouhdouch, Y., & van Wezel, G. P. (2015). Taxonomy, Physiology, and Natural Products of Actinobacteria. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, 80(1), 1–43. https://doi.org/10.1128/mmbr.00019-15

Bhatt, P., Huang, Y., Zhan, H., & Chen, S. (2019). Insight Into Microbial Applications for the Biodegradation of Pyrethroid Insecticides. Frontiers in Microbiology, 10, 1778. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.01778

Britti, D. (2026). Molecular mimicry in the agroecosystem: A new paradigm for understanding how pesticide residues drive the emergence of antimicrobial resistance. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, 123, 104974. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.etap.2026.104974

Cao, Z., Yan, W., Ding, M.-Z., & Yuan, Y.-J. (2022). Construction of microbial consortia for microbial degradation of complex compounds. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2022.1051233

Cycoń, M., Mrozik, A., & Piotrowska-Seget, Z. (2017). Bioaugmentation as a strategy for the remediation of pesticide-polluted soil: A review. Chemosphere, 172, 52–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.12.129

Desai, D. A., Kukreja, G. P., Raorane, C. J., & Patil, S. B. (2016). Partial sequencing of serendipitously isolated antifungal producer, Pseudomonas tolaasii strain GD76 16s ribosomal RNA gene. Int J Curr Microbiol App Sci, 5(1), 455-458.

El Baz, S., Baz, M., Barakate, M., Hassani, L., El Gharmali, A., & Imziln, B. (2015). Resistance to and Accumulation of Heavy Metals by Actinobacteria Isolated from Abandoned Mining Areas. The Scientific World Journal, 2015, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/761834

Hadjer Rebai, Essam Nageh Sholkamy, Mohamed, Pratheesh Prakasam Thanka, Hassan, A. A., Pack, S. P., Ki, M.-R., & Allaoueddine Boudemagh. (2024). Soil Actinobacteria Exhibit Metabolic Capabilities for Degrading the Toxic and Persistent Herbicide Metribuzin. Toxics, 12(10), 709–709. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics12100709

Janssens, L., Van de Maele, M., Delnat, V., Theys, C., Mukherjee, S., De Meester, L., & Stoks, R. (2022). Evolution of pesticide tolerance and associated changes in the microbiome in the water flea Daphnia magna. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 240, 113697. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113697

Kilonzi, J. M., & Otieno, S. (2024). Degradation kinetics and physiological studies of organophosphates degrading microorganisms for soil bioremediation. Stress Biology, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s44154-023-00138-6

Komicho, J. D., & Tipayno, S. C. (2025). Organophosphate Degradation and Plant Growth-Promoting Activity of Soil Bacteria Isolated from Vegetable Farms in Benguet, Philippines. Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology, 19(3), 2184–2199. https://doi.org/10.22207/jpam.19.3.46

Kumar, S., Kaushik, G., Dar, M. A., Nimesh, S., López-Chuken, U. J., & Villarreal-Chiu, J. F. (2018). Microbial Degradation of Organophosphate Pesticides: A Review. Pedosphere, 28(2), 190–208. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1002-0160(18)60017-7

Lyagin, I., & Efremenko, E. (2021). Enzymes, Reacting with Organophosphorus Compounds as Detoxifiers: Diversity and Functions. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(4), 1761.          https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22041761

Mohammadipanah, F., & Dehhaghi, M. (2017). Classification and Taxonomy of Actinobacteria. Biology and Biotechnology of Actinobacteria, 51–77. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60339-1_4

Naveen Kumar, B. T., & Babalad, H. B. (2017). Response of Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) to Different Conservation Agricultural Practices under Rainfed Situations. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 6(11), 2279–2286. https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017.611.270

Pakar, N. P., Rehman, F. U., Mehmood, S., Ali, S., Zainab, N., Munis, M. F. H., & Chaudhary, H. J. (2024). Microbial detoxification of chlorpyrifos, profenofos, monocrotophos, and dimethoate by a multifaceted rhizospheric Bacillus cereus strain PM38 and its potential for the growth promotion in cotton. Environmental Science and Pollution Research International, 31(27), 39714–39734. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-024-33804-x

Pashirova, T., Rym Salah-Tazdaït, Djaber Tazdaït, & Masson, P. (2024). Applications of Microbial Organophosphate-Degrading Enzymes to Detoxification of Organophosphorous Compounds for Medical Countermeasures against Poisoning and Environmental Remediation. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 25(14), 7822–7822. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25147822

Prabhaharan Renganathan, Gaysina, L. A., Cipriano García Gutiérrez, Omar, E., & Sainz-Hernández, J. C. (2025). Harnessing Engineered Microbial Consortia for Xenobiotic Bioremediation: Integrating Multi-Omics and AI for Next-Generation Wastewater Treatment. Journal of Xenobiotics, 15(4), 133–133. https://doi.org/10.3390/jox15040133

Rani, A., Mathur, A., & Gupta, S. (2022). Isolation and screening of actinobacterial isolates from chemical pesticides usage fields of the Uttarakhand region. Journal of Advanced Scientific Research, 13(06), 69–73. https://doi.org/10.55218/jasr.202213611

Sarwade, P., Gaisamudre (Sarwade), K. N., Bhise, D. S., Chandanshive, S. S., & Gaikwad, R. S. (2025). Impact of Mycorrhizae on Soil Health and Fertility in Maharashtra’s Agricultural Lands: A Critical Analysis. Plantae Scientia, 8(2), 20–33. https://doi.org/10.32439/ps.v8i2.20-33

Singh, B. K., & Walker, A. (2006). Microbial degradation of organophosphorus compounds. FEMS Microbiology Reviews, 30(3), 428–471. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6976.2006.00018.x

Srivastava, S., Mir, R. A., Hussain, S. J., Mitra, S., Srivastava, S., Kumar, P., & Kaur, H. (2026). Microbial engineering for pesticide degradation: current insights and future directions for sustainable agriculture. Frontiers in Microbiology, 17. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2026.1751932

Tang, J., Hu, Q., Lei, D., Wu, M., Zeng, C., & Zhang, Q. (2020). Characterization of deltamethrin degradation and metabolic pathway by co-culture of Acinetobacter junii LH-1-1 and Klebsiella pneumoniae BPBA052. AMB Express, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-020-01043-1

Tanveer, S., Ilyas, N., Akhtar, N., Akhtar, N., Bostan, N., Hasnain, Z., Niaz, A., Zengin, G., Gafur, A., & Fitriatin, B. N. (2024). Unlocking the interaction of organophosphorus pesticide residues with ecosystem: Toxicity and bioremediation. Environmental Research, 249, 118291. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2024.118291

Thakur, M., Medintz, I. L., & Walper, S. A. (2019). Enzymatic Bioremediation of Organophosphate Compounds—Progress and Remaining Challenges. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2019.00289

Yang, L., Zhao, Y., Zhang, B., Yang, C.-H., & Zhang, X. (2005). Isolation and characterization of a chlorpyrifos and 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol degrading bacterium. FEMS Microbiology Letters, 251(1), 67–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.femsle.2005.07.031