National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS)
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PRINT ISSN : 2319-7692
Online ISSN : 2319-7706 Issues : 12 per year Publisher : Excellent Publishers Email : editorijcmas@gmail.com / submit@ijcmas.com Editor-in-chief: Dr.M.Prakash Index Copernicus ICV 2018: 95.39 NAAS RATING 2020: 5.38 |
About 150 million people suffer from urinary tract infection each year. In majority of cases, treatment is initiated empirically based on the antimicrobial resistance pattern of the urinary pathogens prevalent in a particular setting. Emerging antibiotic resistance among Enterobacteriaceae has posed challenges in choosing empiric regimens. Therefore, the present study was designed to identify etiological agents of urinary tract infections, detect ESBL producing uropathogens and study their antibiotic resistance profile. Around 306 urine (Midstream urine and catheterized) samples were collected and processed by semi-quantitative culture on Cysteine Lactose Electrolyte Deficient media, blood agar, and MacConkey agar by standard loop method. Bacterial colony count more than 105 colony-forming units (CFU)/ml was taken as significant bacteriuria. Antibiotic sensitivity testing was done by Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method as per Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. ESBL screening and phenotypic confirmation was done by testing the strain against ceftazidime and ceftazidime/clavulanic acid, cefotaxime and cefotaxime/clavulanic acid). Out of 306 urine samples collected, significant bacteriuria was observed in 92.1% (282/306) samples. Out of the culture positive 282 specimens, female patients reported 72.4% growth whereas male patients reported 27.6% growth. Out of 282 isolates, 96.1% isolates were Gram-negative, E. coli being predominant isolate whereas 3.9 % were Gram-positive isolates (including Candida spp).The isolates showed least resistance to Imipenem (12%), followed by Nitrofurantoin (24%), Gentamicin (28%) Piperacillin Tazobactam (36%). Higher resistance was reported for Norfloxacin (80%), Cefazolin (76%), and Cotrimoxazole (68%) Ciprofloxcin (64%), Tetracycline (60%). Among the Gram negative isolates, 40.2% (109/271) were found to be ESBL producers.
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