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International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences (IJCMAS)
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Original Research Articles                      Volume : 7, Issue:8, August, 2018

PRINT ISSN : 2319-7692
Online ISSN : 2319-7706
Issues : 12 per year
Publisher : Excellent Publishers
Email : editorijcmas@gmail.com /
submit@ijcmas.com
Editor-in-chief: Dr.M.Prakash
Index Copernicus ICV 2018: 95.39
NAAS RATING 2020: 5.38

Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci.2018.7(8): 1683-1693
DOI: https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2018.708.193


Bacterial Keratitis - A Study at a Tertiary Eye Care Hospital in Hyderabad – India
L.N. Rao Sadan1 and B.M. Shanker Venkatesh2*
1Department of Microbiology, Dr V. R.K Women’s Medical College & Research Centre, Aziznagar, R.R Dist. Telangana, India
2Department of Microbiology, Sarojini Devi Eye Hospital Hyderabad, Telangana, India
*Corresponding author
Abstract:

Microbial keratitis is a sight threatening infection of the cornea and is a major cause of blindness in India. Though several risk factors such as corneal trauma, blepharitis, herpetic keratitis, xerophthalmia, keratopathies, and eyelid abnormalities, are cited, its incidence has been increased in the past few years, and the wear of contact lens emerging as one of the major risk factors. This retrospective study was undertaken at Sarojini Devi Eye Hospital- A Tertiary Eye Care Hospital in Hyderabad, India and is aimed to define the microbiological profile of bacterial keratitis, to identify the prevalence, its risk factors, and to test the in vitro antimicrobial resistance of the bacterial isolates. This is a retrospective study were a total of 102 patients presenting to the Sarojini Devi Eye Hospital - A Tertiary Eye Care Hospital in Hyderabad with infected corneal ulcer were included. Their socio-demographic data and risk factors were recorded. Corneal scrapings were collected from the edge of the ulcer and microbiologically processed using standard operating procedure. Bacteriological profile was determined by standard biochemical tests and the sensitivity/resistance of isolated strains was tested for on antimicrobial agents that are currently used in ocular infections (NCCLS disc diffusion test) according to the clinical and laboratory standards institute (CLSI) guidelines. In our study Corneal trauma followed by use of contact lens was found to be the major risk factors for microbial keratitis the age range of 41‑60 years was the most affected group. The most commonly isolated bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella spp, Serratia marcescens. Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern revealed that most of Gram-negative bacilli were susceptible to fourth generation cephalosporin -Cefepime, Lomefloxacin, Gatifloxacin, and Ciprofloxacin, while most of Gram-positive cocci were susceptible to vancomycin, Cefepime gatifloxacin and Ciprofloxacin Bacterial keratitis, the epidemiological data of which reveals its universal occurrence, and since it is a potentially sight-threatening corneal condition that can progress very rapidly, with complete corneal destruction occurring within 24-48 hours, particular attention should be given to predisposing risks like trauma, contact lens wear etc and to early diagnosis. While diagnosis is primarily clinical, it is substantiated largely by microbiological data and analysis and comparing the changing trends of the aetiology and their susceptibility patterns. To reduce the possibility of permanent visual loss and reduce structural damage to the cornea prompt treatment is needed. As fourth generation cephalosporin’s and Fluoroquinolones have shown promise in the treatment they should be used judiciously and since drug resistance among bacterial pathogens is an evolving process, routine surveillance and monitoring studies should be conducted to provide an update and to institute most effective empirical treatment for bacterial keratitis.


Keywords: Corneal trauma, Contact lens wear, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas spp., Cefipime

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How to cite this article:

Rao Sadan, L.N. and Shanker Venkatesh, B.M. 2018. Bacterial Keratitis - A Study at a Tertiary Eye Care Hospital in Hyderabad – India.Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci. 7(8): 1683-1693. doi: https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2018.708.193
Copyright: This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license.

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