National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS)
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PRINT ISSN : 2319-7692
Online ISSN : 2319-7706 Issues : 12 per year Publisher : Excellent Publishers Email : editorijcmas@gmail.com / submit@ijcmas.com Editor-in-chief: Dr.M.Prakash Index Copernicus ICV 2018: 95.39 NAAS RATING 2020: 5.38 |
Pastures in Indian Himalayas are based largely on annual and perennial temperate species that are rich in biodiversity but have less productivity. The main temperate grass and legume species prevalent are perennial ryegrass, tall fescue, festulolium hybrid, red and white clovers. Fescue grass consists of two agriculturally important forage crops, hexaploid tall fescue and diploid meadow fescue. Ryegrass contains two widely cultivated temperate species, Italian or annual ryegrass and perennial ryegrass. Both species are naturally diploid and are closely related to fescues. Festulolium hybrids have been developed by crossing fescue to ryegrass to combine the desirable traits of both species and broaden the genetic pool. Red clover contains an enzyme polyphenol oxidase (PPO) which reduces the losses of protein. Thus the genotypes/ lines containing high PPO are rich in protein and can be further used in the breeding programme. Breeding of white and red clover builds on the advantages of these species in terms of their impact on animal performance, fatty acid profiles and flavour. Further improvement in germplasm of temperate forage grasses can be made by linking of physiology and genomics, integration of genomics with classical breeding combined with appropriate phenotypic analysis of key traits will be essential for the development of improved forage cultivation.
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