National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS)
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PRINT ISSN : 2319-7692
Online ISSN : 2319-7706 Issues : 12 per year Publisher : Excellent Publishers Email : editorijcmas@gmail.com / submit@ijcmas.com Editor-in-chief: Dr.M.Prakash Index Copernicus ICV 2018: 95.39 NAAS RATING 2020: 5.38 |
Influenza A (H1N1) is a disease of major public health concern of high mortality. India has reported 27,236 lab confirmed cases with 981 deaths in 2009 pandemic, followed by outbreaks in 2015 and 2016. The most recent outbreak in 2017 reported around 1094 deaths. Hence this study was carried out in patients admitted with influenza-like illness (ILI Category C) to identify the risk factors associated with the disease. Retrospective study was conducted among patients admitted in Stanley Medical College with ILI (Cat C) between January 2017 and June 2017. Nasopharyngeal/throat swabs were collected and tested by RT-PCR. PCR was done for four influenza target genes. The demographic details, clinical features, results of RT-PCR for H1N1 and other investigations were analyzed retrospectively. Out of the 360 ILI Cat C subjects, 103 samples were positive for H1N1 by RT-PCR including 2 brought dead cases. There was a clustering of cases in the months of January-February (79%). All H1N1 positives were from northern Tamilnadu with 83% of cases from Thiruvallur district. 55% cases were between 21-60 years of age and 76% cases were females including 33% Ante Natal women. Patients most commonly presented with fever (100%), myalgia (76%), running nose (62%) and shortness of breath (38%). The comorbid conditions were diabetes mellitus (37%), hypertension (25%) and COPD (25%), bronchial asthma and TB (10%). Among the laboratory confirmed results 33% were antenatal women. All patients were isolated and treated with oseltamivir and necessary respiratory support. Timely diagnosis, early treatment and strict hospital infection control practices prevented adverse outcomes (nil mortality). This study showed that antenatal patients and diabetic individuals are at highest risk.
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