National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS)
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PRINT ISSN : 2319-7692
Online ISSN : 2319-7706 Issues : 12 per year Publisher : Excellent Publishers Email : editorijcmas@gmail.com / submit@ijcmas.com Editor-in-chief: Dr.M.Prakash Index Copernicus ICV 2018: 95.39 NAAS RATING 2020: 5.38 |
In developing countries, industrialization is the main cause of water pollution because of the various industries which generate wastewater that is needed to be discharged. The availability of fresh clean water is becoming increasingly limited in many areas of the world resulting in scarcity of potable water in many regions around the globe. The membranes have emerged as an efficient compact technology for municipal and industrial wastewater treatment. The separation and retention of biological solids has been widely applied as one of the alternatives to the conventional activated sludge process. The absolute retention of all microorganisms by membranes makes it possible to treat wastewater effectively. The membrane bioreactor is responsible for the remaining biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) removal, while the refractory matter (contributed to COD) is removed. This paper provides an overview of membranes fouling and studies conducted to identify mitigating strategies for fouling in Membrane bioreactors. Classes of foulant, including biofouling, organic foulant, and inorganic fouls, as well as factors influencing membranes fouling are outlined. Recent research attempts on fouling control, including the addition of coagulants and adsorbents, a combination of aerobic granulation with Quorum quenching also offers a strong potential for fouling control, but pilot-scale testing is required to explore the feasibility of full-scale application.
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