The present investigation was carried in Nilanga tahsil of Latur district during the year 2020-21, The data on 150 buffaloes from village namely viz., Jau, Malegao and Dapka in Nilanga tahsil of Latur district randomly selected for the study with help of pretested interview schedule. Total 150 buffaloes selected from study area of Nilanga tahsil, fifty buffalo owners were selected from each village. The cost of milk production was determined as per the method employed at National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, under this investigation various component were considered such as food, labour and supervision, health cover (veterinary and medicine), miscellaneous expenses and replacement cost. The data were collected from the farmer by personal interview with help of a protested questionnaire in Nilanga tahsil of Latur district. For the productive range up to 5 litre the average gross cost of milk production litre^-1of buffaloes on wet and herd basis, was Rs. 24.47 in winter (i.e. flush) and Rs. 23.71 in spring (i.e. lean) respectively and the corresponding values of net cost on wet and herd basis were Rs. 19.34 in winter and Rs.18.75 in spring respectively, which is based on 35 milch and 15 dry buffaloes. The average gross cost litre^-1 of milk production in buffaloes for the productive range from 5 to 10 litre on wet basis under winter (i.e. flush) and spring (i.e lean) seasons were Rs.16.76 and Rs.17.56, respectively and corresponding values of net cost were Rs.14.24 and Rs.15.32, respectively, and on herd basis under winter and spring seasons gross cost were Rs. 29.35 and Rs.30.62, respectively and corresponding values of net cost were Rs. 26.45 and Rs.27.54, respectively and in productive range above 10 litre, the average gross cost of milk production litre^-1 for buffaloes on wet basis for the productive range of above 10 litre, the average gross cost per litre of milk production under winter (i.e flush) and spring (i.e lean) were Rs. 14.78 and Rs.15.03, respectively and the corresponding values for the net cost were Rs. 13.18 and Rs. 13.29, respectively. On herd basis the average gross cost per litre of milk production were Rs. 27.57 in winter and Rs. 27.98 in spring the corresponding values for the net cost were Rs. 25.70 in winter and Rs. 26.11 in spring.

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