National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS)
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PRINT ISSN : 2319-7692 Online ISSN : 2319-7706 Issues : 12 per year Publisher : Excellent Publishers Email : editorijcmas@gmail.com / submit@ijcmas.com Editor-in-chief: Dr.M.Prakash Index Copernicus ICV 2018: 95.39 NAAS RATING 2020: 5.38 |
Flower bud formation is a intricate phenomenon. Numerous studies on flower bud formation of temperate fruit plants have been conducted in many .In spite of that, a great part of the most important characteristics of flower bud formation remains insufficiently clarified both by theoretical biology and applied horticulture. Special attention deserves the clarification of the morphogenetic changes that occur between the vegetative state of the buds and the initiation of flower organs. Flowering takes place by the transformation of vegetative apex into a reproductive structure under the control of endogenous and exogenous elements. When the apex of the vegetative bud receives a signal for differentiating as a flower bud, a sequence of events takes place. The mitotic activity increases in the central meristem of apex changing its histological structure. Pome fruits and nut crops start their flower bud development during the previous season and flowers in next spring. In apple initiation generally starts with the ceasation of shoot growth and in almond it coincides with the hull split stage of current crop. The different stages of flower bud development in almond includes bud scales, increase in meristem size, broad dome, initiation of sepal and petal primordia, initiation of stamen and carpel primordia. Large number of factors that influence the proportion of buds giving rise to flowers have generally been interpreted in terms of an in-built propensity to flowering and interference with the attainment of this. Warm temperature advances the flower bud differentiation in apple. Thus understanding the processes of flower induction and flower bud development are important for a lot of horticultural activities particularly in fruit cultivation.
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