India is the world's largest milk producer and primarily an agricultural society where animal husbandry is the backbone of the national economy. In Rajasthan, dairying provides millions of marginal farmers and landless labourers for their livelihood so it is a major economic activity of rural people. The state faces constant drought and famine, which often leads to crop failure because most of the agriculture is fed with rain. In this climate scenario, the dairy sector provides permanent annual income to a large number of farmers. It is in rural areas that domestic activities are performed by female family members. Apart from this, there is a lot of participation and contribution of women; there are also significant gender inequalities in Indian villages. Therefore, there is a need to fix gender injustice in the livestock sector. Efforts are needed to increase women's ability to communicate confidently and meet their strategic needs. The present study was conducted in Bikaner district. Out of seven panchayat samities two panchayat samities, one having highest milk production i.e. Khajuwala and other having lowest milk production i.e. Sri Dungargarh was selected for this investigation. Five gram panchayats from each panchayat samiti were selected with lottery method. Thus selected total ten gram panchayats. One village from each gram panchayat was selected so comprised total ten villages by using simple random sampling. From Khajuwala – Pahalwan ka bera, Barala, Poogal, Dhodha, Shiv nagar and from Sri Dungargarh – Bapeu, Sheruna, Toliyasar, Bhojas and Jhanjheu. Fifteen women and fifteen men were selected from each village on the basis of having two or more than two milking animals and who have actively involved in dairy farming activities. Overall three hundred respondents were selected in which one hundred fifty women and one hundred fifty were men included respectively by simple random sampling technique. Data were collected with the help of pre tested Interview schedule. The findings revealed that in general information majority of respondents belonged to the age group of 37 to 60 years, other back ward caste, belonged to nuclear family, up to primary education, 1 to 2 hectare of land and monthly income from 8001 to 10,000. Finding further reveals that majority of women had no membership while majority of men had membership in one social organization. More than half of men had high level and women had medium level of mass media exposure and had 2 to 4 milking animals. Study revealed that majority of women were mainly participated in various daily dairy activities i.e. cow dung collection and management, milking, care of new born calves and preparing milk products whereas men were mainly participated in various activities i.e. selling of milk, keeping record of milk and money, health care of animals, cleaning and bathing of animal. So findings revealed although women had high participation in dairy farming activities but they had less participation in marketing related activities.

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