National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS)
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PRINT ISSN : 2319-7692
Online ISSN : 2319-7706 Issues : 12 per year Publisher : Excellent Publishers Email : editorijcmas@gmail.com / submit@ijcmas.com Editor-in-chief: Dr.M.Prakash Index Copernicus ICV 2018: 95.39 NAAS RATING 2020: 5.38 |
Maize (Zea mays L.) a member of grass family, poaceae (gramineae) having 2n = 2x = 20 chromosomes is one of the most important cereal crops of India. Mexico and Central America are the origin place of this crop. It has more than thirty-two thousand genes in its genome and the size of genome is about 2.3 gigabase. The objective of this study was to evaluate seventy-seven maize genotypes in relation to heritability and genetic advance for fourteen quantitative traits. The estimates of heritability provide information regarding to possibility and extent to which improvement is possible through selection. In this experiment it was found that the mean sum of squares due to genotypes was highly significant for all the characters under study. Indicated that significant amount of variability was available in the genotypes for all the traits. Majority of the traits were found to exhibit moderate to high estimates of genotypic coefficient of variance (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient of variance (PCV), however some traits such as days to 50% tasseling, days to 50% silking, days to 75% dry husk, cob diameter and shelling % had low estimates of GCV and PCV. Highest estimate of GCV was reported for grain yield per plant (35.54) followed by kernels per cob (32.03), cob weight (30.96) while the lowest estimate of GCV was reported for days to 75% dry husk (2.88). High estimates of heritability in broad sense (>61%) were reported for all the fourteen characters under study but among them eight traits such as grain yield per plant (72.7), kernels per cob (65.48), cob weight (63.2), kernels per row (55.25), cobs per plant (29.78), cob length (27.13), 100-kernel weight (26.45) and kernel rows per cob (22.48) had high estimates of genetic advance in percent of mean (>20%). High estimates of heritability coupled with high estimates of genetic advance are the indicative of additive gene effects in the inheritance of above-mentioned traits. Therefore, selection will be rewarding for the improvement of these traits.
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