National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS)
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PRINT ISSN : 2319-7692
Online ISSN : 2319-7706 Issues : 12 per year Publisher : Excellent Publishers Email : editorijcmas@gmail.com / submit@ijcmas.com Editor-in-chief: Dr.M.Prakash Index Copernicus ICV 2018: 95.39 NAAS RATING 2020: 5.38 |
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a highly transmittable and pathogenic viral infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which emerged in Wuhan, China and spread around the world. The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2; previously named 2019 novel coronavirus or 2019-nCoV) disease (COVID-19) in China at the end of 2019 has caused a large global outbreak and is a major public health issue. As of 25 March 2020, data from the World Health Organization (WHO) have shown that more than 21191 and 472000 deaths and conï¬rmed cases respectively have been identiï¬ed in 46 countries/regions, with >99% of cases being detected in China, Italy and Spain. The WHO declared COVID-19 as the 6th public health emergency of international concern. The intermediate source of origin and transfer to humans is not known, however, the rapid human to human transfer has been confirmed widely. There is no clinically approved antiviral drug or vaccine available to be used against COVID-19. However, few broad-spectrum antiviral drugs have been evaluated against COVID-19 in clinical trials, resulted in clinical recovery. SARS-CoV-2 is closely related to two bat-derived severe acute respiratory syndrome-like coronaviruses bat-SL-CoVZC45 and bat-SL-CoVZXC21. It spreads by human -human transmission via droplets and direct contact and infection has been estimated to have mean incubation period of 6.4 days and a basic reproduction number of 2.24–3.58. Among patients with pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2, bilateral lung involvement with ground glass opacity was the most common finding from computed topography images of the chest. Public health authorities should keep monitoring the situation very closely. In the current review, we summarize and analyze the epidemiological behaviour and forecasting, symptoms and distribution of the disease outbreak. We also discuss various preventive measures for information of general public across the globe to cope with this viral outbreak.
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