National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS)
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PRINT ISSN : 2319-7692
Online ISSN : 2319-7706 Issues : 12 per year Publisher : Excellent Publishers Email : editorijcmas@gmail.com / submit@ijcmas.com Editor-in-chief: Dr.M.Prakash Index Copernicus ICV 2018: 95.39 NAAS RATING 2020: 5.38 |
Plant protection using synthetic pesticides has become one of the essential components of modern agriculture. Although need based judicious application of pesticides have made a significant impact on increasing crop productivity in agricultural sector by combating heavy losses due to pest infestation but there are lots of serious associated bottlenecks with pesticides. The major issues related to pesticide application are environmental pollution, health hazards, pest resurgence, secondary pest outbreak etc., as a very less per cent of the applied pesticides reaches to the target organisms and rest remains as residues. Moreover, most of these pesticides becomes persistent pollutant of the environment because of their relative stable nature and many a times, the extreme toxicity results in pesticidal poisoning in living beings which is considered as a matter of great concern. Considering the ill effects of pesticides, many physical and chemical efforts have been attempted to lower down the possible effects of pesticide residues mostly in agricultural field however, those approaches are highly expensive and not eco-friendly. Of late, the bioremediation approach mostly by exploring pesticide degrading microorganisms has emerged as an eco-friendly, effective and economical alternative to address the concerned issues. Major groups of microbes having pesticide residue degrading properties are bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes. Under favourable conditions, most of these microbes utilize pesticides as a sole source of carbon whereas some synthesize various metabolic enzymes to degrade and detoxify many harmful pesticides. Nevertheless, some difficulties of those microbes in respect of specificity, spectrum of activity, environmental sensitivity, registration, lack of formulated products etc. are need to be addressed. Exploration of modern biotechnological tools for selecting appropriate potential strains of microbes and their further improvement through genetic engineering may pave the way for the wide applicability in true sense.
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