The aim was to assess the comparative efficacy of intrauterine administration of hydrogen peroxide and povidone iodine solutions for the treatment of endometritis in indigenous mares. Twenty five mares with the history of regular estrus in a breeding season and turbid vaginal mucous discharge during estrus were included in the study. Following confirmation of endometritis through trans-rectal ultrasonography and uterine cytobrush, the animals were divided in to three groups at random on the basis of three intrauterine treatments. Group I(n=15) received 0.5% povidone solution 2.5 ml in 500 ml normal saline intrauterine on day 0 (day of presentation) followed by 500 ml intrauterine normal saline and intramuscular 20 I.U. oxytocin 6-8 h later. Group II(n=15) administered with 60 ml hydrogen peroxide (3%) intrauterine on day 0 followed by 500 ml intrauterine normal saline and intramuscular 20 I.U. oxytocin6-8 h later. Group III(n=5) received 500 ml intrauterine normal saline on day 0 followed by 20 I.U. oxytocin intramuscularly. The natural mating was advised during subsequent estrus if the vaginal mucus discharge found apparently clear. Post-treatment cure rates based on clear vaginal mucus were60%,80% and 40% in Group I, II and III, respectively. The conception rates were higher (P< 0.05) in Group I and II versus Group III (55.5%, 66.6% vs 50%, respectively). The intrauterine hydrogen peroxide and povidone iodine treatment proved beneficial to treat endometritic mares.

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