National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS)
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PRINT ISSN : 2319-7692
Online ISSN : 2319-7706 Issues : 12 per year Publisher : Excellent Publishers Email : editorijcmas@gmail.com / submit@ijcmas.com Editor-in-chief: Dr.M.Prakash Index Copernicus ICV 2018: 95.39 NAAS RATING 2020: 5.38 |
Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the most common nosocomial infection diagnosed in the intensive care unit (ICU) and in spite of advances in diagnostic techniques and management it remains a common cause of hospital morbidity and mortality. While critically ill patients experience a life-threatening illness, they commonly contract ventilator-associated pneumonia. This nosocomial infection increases morbidity and likely mortality as well as the cost of health care. This article reviews the literature with regard to underlying clinical condition, prevalence, diagnosis and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the most commonly isolated pathogens associated with VAP. This prospective observational study was carried out over a period of 1 year. VAP was diagnosed using the clinical pulmonary infection score. Endotracheal aspirate (ETA) and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples of suspected cases of VAP were collected from ICU patients and processed as per standard protocols. The incidence of VAP in our study was 57.27%. COPD was the commonest underlying condition associated with VAP followed by post operative illness & respiratory failure. The incidence of VAP increased as the duration of mechanical ventilation increased and there was a total agreement in bacteriology between semi-quantitative ETAs and BALs in our study. Most commonly isolated organism was Acinetobacter baumanii followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebseilla pneumoniae. The present study conclude that determination of the organism profile and their antibiotic sensitivity can go a long way in prescribing appropriate regimen which could be life saving. Another important aspect in VAP group of patients is that if the antibiotic therapy is delayed, there could be excessive mortality. Early report regarding antibiotic susceptibility patterns could be significant in deciding the antibiotic regimens. VAP is a serious problem in the ICU leading to longer hospital stay higher treatment costs and increased mortality and morbidity. Better knowledge of local patterns of pathogens causing VAP can help facilitate treatment choices.
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