Agriculture is the mainstay of Nepalese economy. Nepal is an agricultural country with a lot of cultural, genetic and geographical diversity. Agriculture is also a main source of employment. Rice is a major staple crop of the country. During the year 2016/017, rice contributed 44.66 per cent to the total edible cereal grain production in the country. Rice is a labor intensive crop and youth migration has created a situation of labor scarcity. Introduction of mechanization in rice cultivation is one of the best solutions to get rid of labor scarcity and increase production of rice. AMTRC, Nawalpur, Sarlahi has been carrying out different research works on use of different machineries and cultivation practices in rice farming. It carried out a study in 2074/075 and 2075/076 on uses of different machineries in three replications with four treatments. The mean grain yield due to treatments was found significant at 1 per cent level in 2074/075 and at 5 per cent level in 2075/076. It was significant at 1 per cent level in pooled analysis of two years data. The highest mean grain yield from two years data was found in T2treatment in which the rice was directly seeded with drum seeder. It produced 3227.50 kg/ha and the lowest production of 2576.33 kg/ha rice was produced in the trial where the rice was directly seeded with power tiller drill machine (T1). The yield in farmer’s practices was recorded as 3173.33 kg/ha. The average of two years data revealed only the 1.71 per cent more yield in the treatment of rice directly seeded with drum seeder (T2) than the farmer’s practices (T4). Though there was not much different in rice yield between T2 and T4, the variable costs became high in farmer’s practices due to more labor requirement in different cultural practices. The variable cost was 19.42 per cent more in T4 than T2 and it ultimately consequence the less gross margin under farmer’s practices of rice cultivation. The total gross margin was 83.55 per cent more in T2 than T4. Thus, among the four treatments, the rice produced from directly seeded by drum seeder was found most profitable than other machines used in the trial including farmer’s practices in this experiment.

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