Mosquito coil and aerosol are the most frequently used insecticides to control mosquito population in residential area which may have toxic impact on human health. Two-step investigations were carried out to assess the probable toxic impacts of inhaling mosquito coil smoke and aerosol on the experimental albino mice Mus musculus L. under laboratory conditions. The first experiment was on some haematological parameters and histopathology of the lungs, while the second vital experiment was performed to observe the possible recovery from the toxicity of aerosol by supplementing vitamins A and C to the food stuff. A total of 20 albino rats were divided into four groups, consisting of five rats each. Group 1 served as the control with no exposure to mosquito coil smoke and aerosol sprays, while Groups 2, 3 and 4 were maintained as follows. Test animals of Group 2 were exposed to mosquito coil smoke produced by burning one mosquito coil for 8 hours daily over a period of 45 days in a partially ventilated room. Rats of Groups 3 and 4 were exposed to aerosol puffs for 4-5 sec, but the rats of Group 4 were allowed to feed on diets supplemented with vitamins A (12500 IU/gm.bw/day) and C (62.5 mg/gm.bw/day) in the same experimental chambers. For the first 15 days, histological microphotographs of the lung tissues of the control rats showed no abnormalities in structure, colour or appearance. While rats of Groups 2 and 3 showed remarkable changes including thickening and infiltration of mononuclear cells in the interstitial space, distortion of inter alveolar septa, congestion and haemorrhages in the alveoli, and hypertrophied and hyperplastic bronchiolar cells. These lesions progressed further during 30 and 45 days’ post-exposure. Haematological data revealed significant increases in the total RBC and WBC counts (P<0.05) in both groups exposed to mosquito coil and aerosol. Differential counts of eosinophils and basophils showed marginal changes in both groups, but the neutrophils increased significantly (P<0.05) and the lymphocytes and monocytes were found to be decreased compared to the control rats. In Group 4 rats, as anticipated, the total RBC and WBC counts decreased in comparison with the control rats, and remarkable sign of reforming, repair and controlling were observed in lung tissues of the former. It is therefore inferred that vitamins A and C play an effective role against cellular toxicity. Thus, the findings of the present study strongly suggest that optimum doses of vitamins A and C as feed supplements might serve as a novel way to evade the problems of mosquito coil smoke and aerosol inhalations.

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