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PRINT ISSN : 2319-7692
Online ISSN : 2319-7706 Issues : 12 per year Publisher : Excellent Publishers Email : editorijcmas@gmail.com / submit@ijcmas.com Editor-in-chief: Dr.M.Prakash Index Copernicus ICV 2018: 95.39 NAAS RATING 2020: 5.38 |
Nosocomial infection is a key factor in determining clinical outcomes among patients admitted in intensive care units. Studies on nosocomial infections in ICUs found that respiratory tract infections, blood stream infections, urinary tract infections and soft tissue infections are the common nosocomial infections in ICUs. These organisms causing nosocomial infections are highly resistant to antibiotics. Early recognition of bacteria and appropriate antimicrobial therapy are essential for controlling infection, preventing the morbidity and improve the quality of life. Aims of this study are to find out the profile of Gram positive bacteria causing nosocomial infection in patients admitted in intensive care units and to know the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the nosocomial isolates. A total of 192 culture positive samples were taken from various clinical specimens. The organisms were identified by Gram staining, cultural characteristics and a battery of biochemical tests. Drug susceptibility was performed on the isolates by Kirby Bauer’s disk diffusion method. A total of 202 organisms were isolated from 192 various clinical samples. Respiratory tract infection 76(39.6%) was the most common infection in Intensive care units. The number of Gram positive isolates was 60 (29.7%). 142 (70.3%) Gram negative organisms were isolated. The most common Gram positive cocci was Staphylococcus aureus 34 (16.8%) followed by CONS 16(26.6%). Among Gram positive cocci minimum resistance was seen against vancomycin (6.7%) followed by linezolid (10%) and cotrimoxazole (26.6%). Methicillin resistance was seen in 28 (82.35%) of S. aureus. 57.1% of MRSA caused respiratory tract infection. This study shows that Gram positive bacteria can cause serious infections in intensive care units. The most common isolates were S. aureus followed by CONS the isolates were resistant to most of the drugs. For Gram positive cocci the most effective antibiotics were vancomycin followed by linezolid and cotrimoxazole. Appropriate antibiotic utilization in Intensive Care Units is crucial not only in ensuring an optimal outcome but also in preventing multidrug resistant bacteria.