National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS)
|
PRINT ISSN : 2319-7692
Online ISSN : 2319-7706 Issues : 12 per year Publisher : Excellent Publishers Email : editorijcmas@gmail.com / submit@ijcmas.com Editor-in-chief: Dr.M.Prakash Index Copernicus ICV 2018: 95.39 NAAS RATING 2020: 5.38 |
This research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of mycorrhizal inoculation alone or in combination with biofertilizers on the growth of cocoa seedlings. The study was carried out in the greenhouse at the Station d'Expérimentations Agronomiques of the University of Lomé from December 2020 to May 2021 following a completely randomized design. Cocoa beans (hybrid P7 x IMC67) were sown on substrates inoculated with Rhizophagus aggregatum and Ben 10 strains at a single dose of 500 spores/pot or combined with two biofertilizers: FERTIPLUS (100 g/pot), AGROBIO (75 g/pot). The seedlings were monitored and their agronomic performance measured. The results show a good mycorrhization rate, 63.67% for R. aggregatum, 62% for Ben 10, 67% for R. agrgregatum + AGROBIO and 60.34% for Ben 10 + AGROBIO with mycorrhizal dependencies of 18.70%; 18.72%; 35.75% and 41.15% respectively. Furthermore, the results showed that the application of both mycorrhizal strains (R. aggregatum and Ben 10) alone or in combination with AGROBIO induced a significant increase (p < 0.05) in total fresh biomass, total dry biomass, height, colar circumference and number of leaves compared with the control. However, application of FERTIPLUS alone or in combination with the two mycorrhizal strains significantly (p < 0.05) depressed total fresh biomass, total dry biomass, height, crown circumference, taproot length and number of leaves compared with the control. This study shows that arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi provide important benefits to the plant, and can be used to improve the growth of young cocoa plants.
Adden A. K., 2017. Amélioration de la productivité des vergers de cacaoyers (Theobroma cacao Linn.) pour une gestion forestière durable au Togo. Sciences du Vivant [q-bio]. Ecole Supérieure d’Agronomie de l’Université de Lomé, 2017.
Amani C. Y. F., Alban M’bo K. A., Cherif M., Koné D. et Kouamé C. 2023. Diversité des Champignons Mycorhiziens à Arbuscule Associés aux Cacaoyers (Theobroma cacao L.) en Côte d’Ivoire. European Scientific Journal, ESJ, 19 (27), 179. https://doi.org/10.19044/esj.2023.v19n27p179.
Antonius S., Saraswati P., Sudirman Yahya S. and Novita A. T., 2015. Inoculation of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Increase the Growth of Cocoa and Coffee Seedling Applied with Ayamaru Phosphate Rock. Journal of Agricultural Science ; 7 (5) : 1-12.p. https://doi.org/10.5539/jas.v7n5p199
Assih A., Nenonene A. Y. Bokobana A., 2022. Mycorrhizal Inoculation Effect on Water Deficit Tolerance of Cashew Seedlings (Anacardium occidentale L.) and Soil Nutrients Availability. Asian Journal of Agricultural and Horticultural Research. https://doi.org/10.9734/AJAHR/2022/v9i4199. ISSN: 2581-4478. pp 112-122.
Bâ A., Guissou T., Duponnois R., Plenchette C., Sacko O., Sidibé D., Sylla K. and Windou B., 2001. Mycorhization contrôlée et fertilisation phosphatée : applications à la domestication du jujubier. Fruits, 56, 261–269.
Berruti, A., Lumini, E., Balestrini, R., Bianciotto, V., 2016. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi as natural biofertilizers: let’s benefit from past successes. Front. Microbiol., 6, 1559. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.01559
Brundrett M. C., 2002. Coevolution of roots and mycorrhizas of land plants. New Phytol., 154(2) : 275-304. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-8137.2002.00397.x
Bucher M., 2007. Functional biology of plant phosphate uptake at root and mycorrhiza interfaces. New Phytol., 173(1) : 11-26. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2006.01935.x
CIRAD (Centre de coopération International pour la Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement), 2013. Améliorer les systèmes agroforestiers en zone tropicale humide : les cas de cacaoyers et des caféiers. CIRAD. 2p.
CRA-F 2019. Centre de Recherche Agronomique de la zone Forestière. Rapport annuel 2019
CRA-F. 2004. Centre de Recherche Agronomique de la zone Forestière. Point sur la recherche cacaoyère au Togo. Kpalimé, 22 p.
Cuenca, G., Meneses, E. (1996). Diversity patterns of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with cacao in Venezuela. Plant Soil 183, 315–322 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00011447
Djenatou P., Ngoh Ndooh J. P., Kosma P. Eddy Léonard Ngonkeu Mangaptche E. L. N., 2020. Evaluation of the Inoculation Effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on the Growth of Cocoa Seedlings (Theobroma cacao L.) in the Nursery. International Journal of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.18483/ijSci.2352.
Djiwa O., Pereki H. et Guelly K. A. 2021. Perceptions ethnoculturelles des services écosystémiques rendus par les agroforêts à base de cacaoyer au Togo. Biotechnol. Agron. Soc. Environ. 2021 25(3), 208-222 (15p). https://doi.org/10.25518/1780-4507.19153
Douds Jr., D. D., Galvez, L., Janke, R. R., Wagoner, P. 1995. Effect of tillage and farming system upon populations and distribution of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 52, 111–118. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-8809(94)00550-X
Droh G., Kouassi A., Kouadjo Z G C., Zézé A., Nguetta, A S. and Sanders I. R., 2016. Effects of two types of AMF on growth of cocoa seedlings (Theobroma cacao L.) in greenhouses. Global Journal of advanced Research, 3, (3) : 157-164.
DSID, 2018. (Direction de la Statistique, de l’Informatique et de la Documentation) Évaluation des superficies et des rendements de café et de cacao, campagne agricole 2017-2018. DSID/MAEH/PNIASA/Banque Mondiale, Lomé, Togo, 76 p. CRAF, 2004
Entry, J., Rygiewicz, P., Watrud, L. and Donnelly, P. (2002). Influence of adverse soil conditions on the formation and function of Arbuscular mycorrhizas. Advances in Environmental Research, 7, 123-138. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1093-0191(01)00109-5
Finlay R. D., 2008. Ecological aspects of mycorrhizal symbiosis: with special emphasis on the functional diversity of interactions involving the extraradical mycelium. J. Exp. Bot., 59(5) : 1115–1126. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/ern059
Garbaye J., 1991. Utilisation des mycorhizées en sylviculture. In : Strullu DG., Garbaye J., Perrin P., Plenchette C. Les mycorhizes des arbres et plantes cultivées. Paris : Lavoisier, 197-248.
Grümberg B. C., Urcelay C., Shroeder M. A., Vargas-Gil S. et Luna C. M., 2015. The role of inoculum identity in drought stress mitigation by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in soybean. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-014-0942-7
Hamza N. Application des mycorhizes arbusculaires en culture maraîchère cas de la pastèque (Citrullus lanatus). Mémoire de Magister, Université Ferhat Abbas Sétif, Algérie ; 2014.
Iglesias L., Salas E., Leblanc HA., and Pekka Nygren P., 2011. Response of Theobroma cacao and Inga edulis seedlings to cross-inoculated populations of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Agroforest Syst, 83,63–73. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-011-9400-9.
IRCC-TOGO. 1988. Institut de Recherche sur les filières Café et Cacao Togo. Rapport annuel. Kpalimé pp. 20-21.
Jagoret P., 2011. Analyse et évaluation des systèmes agroforestiers complexes sur long terme : Application aux systèmes de culture à base de cacaoyers au centre Cameroun. Thèse, Université Montpelier SUPAGRO, 288p.
Jansa, J., Forczek, S. T., Rozmoš, M., Püschel, D., Bukovská, P., and Hršelová, H., 2019. Arbuscular mycorrhiza and soil organic nitrogen : network of players and interactions. Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture, 6(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40538-019-0147-2.
Khana, M., and Delowara, S. 2006. Effect of edaphic factor son root colonization and spore population of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Bulletin Institute Tropical Agriculture, 29, 97-104.
Kim S. J., Eo J. K., Lee E. H., Park H. et Eom A. H., 2017. Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and soil conditions on crop plant growth. Mycobiology 45 (1) : 20–24. https://doi.org/10.5941/MYCO.2017.45.1.20
Koudjega T., 2013. Détermination de formules d’engrais adaptées aux trois sous zones cacaoyères du Togo. Mémoire du Diplôme d’Etudes Approfondies en Biologie du Développement à l’Université de Lomé – Togo. 97p.
Lambers, H., Raven, J.A., Shaver, G.R. and Smith, S.E. 2008. Plant nutrient-acquisition strategies change with soil age. Trends in Ecologyand Evolution, 23: 95-103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2007.10.008
Laminou Manzo, O., Ibrahim, D., Campanella B. et Paul R., 2009. Effets de l’inoculation mycorhizienne du substrat sur la croissance et la résistance au stress hydrique de cinq espèces fixatrices de dunes : Acacia raddiana Savi ; Acacia nilotica (L.) Willd. Ex Del. var. adansonii ; Acacia senegal (L.) Willd ; Prosopis chilensis Stunz. et Bauhinia rufescens Lam. Geo-Eco-Trop., 33, 115–124.
Li S., Yang W., Guo J., Li X., Lin J., Zhu X., 2020. Changes in photosynthesis and respiratory metabolism of maize seedlings growing under low temperature stress may be regulated by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Plant Physiol Biochem., 154, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.05.025.
Liang B. B., Wang W. J., Fan X. X., Kurakov A. V., Liu Y. F., Song F. Q., 2021. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi can ameliorate salt stress in Elaeagnus angustifolia by improving leaf photosynthetic function and ultrastructure. Plant Biol., 23(1) : 232-241. https://doi.org/10.1111/plb.13164.
Lumini E., Vallino M., Alguacil M. M., Romani M. et Bianciotto V. 2011. Different farming and water regimes in Italian rice fields affect arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal soil communities. Ecological Applications, 21: 1696-1707. https://doi.org/10.1890/10-1542.1
Nelly S. A., Angelbert D. C., Consorcia E. R., 2019. Growth response of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) plant as affected by bamboo biochar and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in sterilized and unsterilized soil. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology, 22, 101347. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcab.2019.101347 http://www.elsevier.com/locate/bab.
Nenonene Y. A., M'boumba E. B., Tahaba N. D. and Tchabi A., 2022. Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Arbuscular Mycorhyzian Fungi and Organic Fertilizers on Nematods (Meloidogyne spp) Phytoparasites and Agronomic Performance of Chili Pepper (Capsicum Annuum L.) in South-Togo. International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology, 7(12) : 10p. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7490655
Phillips J. M. and Hayman D. S., 1970. Improved procedures for clearing and staining parasitic and vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi for rapid assessment of infection. Transactions of the British Mycological Society, 55,158-161. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0007-1536(70)80110-3
Plenchette C. 1991. Utilisation des mycorhizées en agriculture et horticulture. In : Strullu DG., Garbaye J., Perrin P., Plenchette C. Les mycorhizes des arbres et plantes cultivées. Paris : Lavoisier, 131-196.
Plenchette C., Fortin J. A., Furlan V., 1983. Growth responses of several plant species to mycorrhizae in a soil of moderate P-fertility. I. Mycorrhiza dependency under ?eld conditions. Plant Soil, 70, 199–209. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02374780
Priou L., 2013. Multiplication des mycorhizes arbusculaires en milieu liquide et solide afin d’améliorer la formulation de biofertilisants. Sciences agricoles. 2013. ffdumas-00975007.
Sangay-Tucto S., 2018. Étude de l’impact des symbioses mycorhizienne et rhizobienne dans la domestication du Tara, Caesalpinia spinosa L. Interactions entre organismes. Université Montpellier ; Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, 2018. Français. NNT : 2018MONTG080
Sieverding, E. (2005). Glomus badium a new sporocarpic mycorrhizal fungal species from European grassland with higher soil pH. Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality 79(1).
Smith, S. E., Robson, A. D., Abbott, L. K. (1992). The involvement of mycorrhizas in assessment of genetically dependent efficiency of nutrient uptake and use. Plant and Soil 146, 169-179. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00012010
Tchabi A, Hountondji FCC, Ogunsola B, Lawouin L, Coyne D, Wiemken A, Oehl F, 2016. The Influence of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Inoculation on Micro-Propagated Hybrid Yam (Dioscorea spp.) Growth and Root Knot Nematode (Meloidogyne spp.) Suppression. Int. Journal of Current Microbiology Applied Science 5(10): 267-281. https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2016.510.030
Tchabi A., Coyne D., Hountondji F., Lawouin L., Wiemken A., Oehl F., 2008. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities in sub-Saharan Savannas of Benin, West Africa, as affected by agricultural land use intensity and ecological zone. Mycorrhiza,18(4):181-95. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00572-008-0171-8
Tchabi A., M'boumba E. B., Olowotche N. and Kadanga P., 2022. Bioferlizing and Nematodes Control Potentials of Four Native Isolates of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Sweet Pepper (Capsicum annuum) in Togo. International Journal of Plant and Soil Science. 13p. https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2022/v34i242610
Trouvelot, A., Kough, J. L. et Gianinazzi-Pearson, V., 1986. Mesure du taux de mycorhization VA d’un système radiculaire. Recherche de méthode d’estimation ayant une signification fonctionnelle. Proceedings of the 1st european symposium on mycorrhizae, Dijon, 1-5 July 1985, 217–221.
Vierheilig, H., Schweiger, P., and Brundrett, M., 2005. An overview of methods for the detection and observation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in roots. Physiologia Plantarum, 125(4), 393–404. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.2005.00564.x
Wang, W., Shi, J., Xie, Q., Jiang, Y., Yu, N., Wang, E., 2017. Nutrient exchange and regulation in arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis. Mol. Plant 10 (9), 1147 – 1158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molp.2017.07.012
Wang-Bara B., Amedep D., Housseini D. J., Mana G. G. 2021. Evaluation des effets des doses de mycorhizes sur les paramètres de croissance et de la production de trois variétés de Voandzou dans la localité de Dschang, Ouest Cameroun. European Scientific Journal, 17(17): https://doi.org/10.19044/esj.2021.v17n17p213.
Wessel M., Quist-Wessel F. P. M. 2015. Cocoa production in West Africa, a review and analysis of recent developments. NJAS - Wageningen Journal of Life Sciences 74 and 75, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.njas.2015.09.001
Zako B. I. M. S., Tié B. T., Zirihi G. N., Kouadjo Z. C. G., Fossou K. R and Adolphe Z. 2012. Arbuscular mycorrizal fungi associated with Theobroma cacao L. in the region of Yamoussoukro (Côte d’Ivoire). African Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 7(6). http://www.academicjournals.org/AJAR. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJAR11.2057. February, 2012 pp. 993-1001.
Zhang X. H., Lin A. J., Chen B. D., Wang Y. S., Smith S. E., Smith F. A., 2006. Effects of Glomus mosseae on the toxicity of heavy metals to Vicia faba. J. Environ. Sci., 18(4) : 721-726.
Zhou J., Zang H., Loeppmann, S., Gube M., Kuzyakov Y., and Pausch, J. (2020). Arbuscular mycorrhiza enhances rhizodeposition and reduces the rhizosphere priming effect on the decomposition of soil organic matter. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 140, 107641. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2019.107641.
Citations |
 |
 |
 |
 |
